Energy Regulatory Office Electricity market: The 2024 Report on Redispatching Mechanisms from the President of URE - News

Prepared for the second time by the regulatory authority, the report is based on reports submitted by the transmission system operator (TSO) − PSE S.A. and 188 distribution system operators (DSOs).

This report outlines the types of redispatching mechanisms applied by TSOs and DSOs, including data on the volume of energy and the types of sources subject to this procedure last year.

Market redispatching

In 2024, PSE commissioned generators directly and through DSOs to submit redispatching orders in order to balance the national power system or due to network constraints.

Due to the implementation of new balancing market rules on 14 June 2024, it was introduced that work programmes for dispatch units actively participating in the balancing market (JWCD) must be reported to the TSO.^[1] The redispatch of these units between 14 June and 31 December 2024 involved orders to reduce generation by a total volume of nearly 3.6 TWh and orders to increase generation by a volume of nearly 4.4 TWh.

Whereas the redispatch of heat generation units not on the balancing market ordered and accounted for under GGS contracts^[2] includes reduced generation orders for a volume of nearly 5.37 GWh throughout 2024. At the same time, an increase of generation from heat generating units was recorded on the order of the TSO, amounting to a total volume of nearly 3.27 GWh.

The cross-border redispatch mechanism, which involves increasing energy generation and its export to Poland's neighbouring countries in order to reduce the load on grid components, covered a total of 6.7 GWh, i.e. 44 per cent more energy than in the previous year. Meanwhile, the cross-border redispatch for balancing purposes towards exports (increased generation) comprised over 629.26 GWh, i.e. an energy volume that was almost 169 per cent higher than in 2023. In turn, the redispatch towards imports (reduced generation) covered over 88.41 GWh, 249 per cent more energy compared to the previous year.

Non-market redispatching

The year 2024 recorded a significant increase in non-market reductions in renewable energy generation, both at the orders of PSE and the DSOs.

In this period, the TSO ordered a reduction in photovoltaic generation. The overwhelming majority of these reductions were caused by the obligation to balance the National Power System (595.17 GWh), and in a much smaller extent (2.09 GWh) they were the result of grid constraints. The total volume of generation reductions from PV installations ordered by the TSO last year reached a total of 597.26 GWh, which represents an increase of 2,362 per cent compared to 2023.

Similarly, the scale of PSE's reduction of wind power generation also increased, reaching a total of nearly 125.1 GWh. As with PV sources, this was mainly linked to balancing the KSE (the National Power System) (118.05 GWh) and, to a lesser extent, due to grid constraints (7.03 GWh). The total energy volume generated from wind farms undergoing redispatching in 2024 increased by 199 per cent year-on-year.

In this section, it should be noted that non-market redispatch of renewable energy sources at the request of the TSO, in order to balance the KSE, is being undertaken as a last resort.

The reduction of RES generation in 2024 was also applied on the orders of distribution system operators on the basis of threats to the security of the distribution network in the form of line and transformer overloads and excessive voltage. Out of 188 DSOs, three operators applied this procedure (ENEA Operator Sp. z o.o., Energa-Operator S.A., PGE Dystrybucja S.A.).

During this period, more than 24.12 GWh of energy produced by PV installations (an increase of 647 per cent year-on-year) and nearly 2.8 GWh of energy generated by wind turbines (200 per cent more than in 2023) were redispatched by DSOs. Out of this, 98.8 per cent of the reduction in generation from photovoltaic sources and 85.7 per cent of the reduction in generation from wind sources happened on the orders from ENEA Operator Sp. z o.o.

Measures to reduce required redispatching

The most important measure for improving the balancing of KSE was the implementation of the second stage of the balancing market reform, implemented on 14 June 2025^[3]. The aim of this reform is, among other things, to adapt to European and national formal and legal requirements and to facilitate the implementation of European balancing energy exchange platforms.

The reform modified the structure of the balancing market and established 15-minute settlement periods. It also introduced price incentives to encourage balancing of the KSE and support the entry of new participants into the market.

The Report indicates the following as being necessary to reduce the required distribution system-enforced redispatching:

• the expansion of the DSO grid at all voltage levels, along with increasing its capacity to handle RES and the possibility of connecting energy storage facilities and service connections for EV charging utilities;
• the continuation of work on establishing a catalogue of flexibility services and implementing it in the executive regulation and TNC and IRiESD^[4];
• the equipment in operation requires enhanced supervision for the monitoring of the grid status and electricity and power flows;
• IT systems for DSO operational support need to be streamlined, especially for assisted flexibility service purchasing decisions.

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• The obligatory annual redispatch reports for the President of URE were introduced by the EU Regulation on the internal market for electricity^[5].
• The document is being prepared for, among others, ACER.
• The first report on redispatch mechanisms in Poland by the President of URE referred to the year 2023.